“bordas de alguidar,” referring to what’s left over on the sides of a cooking bowl, which the rich don’t bother eating but the poor can’t afford to turn down. It’s a little like the English expression “the bottom of the barrel.” Making a direct reference to the country’s calamitous economic situation. Filipe recovers the work of Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro—a satirical journalist and artist who founded three newspapers in the late-nineteenth century and who created the figure of Zé Povinho, a cartoon figure that was to become the symbol of the Portuguese people.

Artforum